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313 lines
8.9 KiB
313 lines
8.9 KiB
#!/bin/bash
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# CREDIT TO THESE TUTORIALS:
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# petr.io/en/blog/2015/11/09/read-only-raspberry-pi-with-jessie
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# hallard.me/raspberry-pi-read-only
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# k3a.me/how-to-make-raspberrypi-truly-read-only-reliable-and-trouble-free
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if [ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Installer must be run as root."
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echo "Try 'sudo bash $0'"
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exit 1
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fi
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clear
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echo "This script configures a Raspberry Pi"
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echo "SD card to boot into read-only mode,"
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echo "obviating need for clean shutdown."
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echo "NO FILES ON THE CARD CAN BE CHANGED"
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echo "WHEN PI IS BOOTED IN THIS STATE. Either"
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echo "the filesystems must be remounted in"
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echo "read/write mode, card must be mounted"
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echo "R/W on another system, or an optional"
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echo "jumper can be used to enable read/write"
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echo "on boot."
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echo
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echo "Links to original tutorials are in"
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echo "script source. THIS IS A ONE-WAY"
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echo "OPERATION. THERE IS NO SCRIPT TO"
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echo "REVERSE THIS SETUP! ALL other system"
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echo "config should be complete before using"
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echo "this script. MAKE A BACKUP FIRST."
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echo
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echo "Run time ~5 minutes. Reboot required."
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echo
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echo -n "CONTINUE? [y/N] "
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read
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if [[ ! "$REPLY" =~ ^(yes|y|Y)$ ]]; then
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echo "Canceled."
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exit 0
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fi
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# FEATURE PROMPTS ----------------------------------------------------------
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# Installation doesn't begin until after all user input is taken.
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INSTALL_RW_JUMPER=0
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INSTALL_HALT=0
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INSTALL_WATCHDOG=0
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# Given a list of strings representing options, display each option
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# preceded by a number (1 to N), display a prompt, check input until
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# a valid number within the selection range is entered.
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selectN() {
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for ((i=1; i<=$#; i++)); do
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echo $i. ${!i}
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done
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echo
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REPLY=""
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while :
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do
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echo -n "SELECT 1-$#: "
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read
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if [[ $REPLY -ge 1 ]] && [[ $REPLY -le $# ]]; then
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return $REPLY
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fi
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done
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}
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SYS_TYPES=(Pi\ 3\ /\ Pi\ Zero\ W All\ other\ models)
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WATCHDOG_MODULES=(bcm2835_wdog bcm2708_wdog)
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OPTION_NAMES=(NO YES)
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echo -n "Enable boot-time read/write jumper? [y/N] "
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read
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if [[ "$REPLY" =~ (yes|y|Y)$ ]]; then
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INSTALL_RW_JUMPER=1
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echo -n "GPIO pin for R/W jumper: "
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read
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RW_PIN=$REPLY
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fi
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echo -n "Install GPIO-halt utility? [y/N] "
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read
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if [[ "$REPLY" =~ (yes|y|Y)$ ]]; then
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INSTALL_HALT=1
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echo -n "GPIO pin for halt button: "
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read
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HALT_PIN=$REPLY
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fi
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echo -n "Enable kernel panic watchdog? [y/N] "
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read
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if [[ "$REPLY" =~ (yes|y|Y)$ ]]; then
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INSTALL_WATCHDOG=1
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echo "Target system type:"
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selectN "${SYS_TYPES[0]}" \
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"${SYS_TYPES[1]}"
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WD_TARGET=$?
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fi
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# VERIFY SELECTIONS BEFORE CONTINUING --------------------------------------
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echo
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if [ $INSTALL_RW_JUMPER -eq 1 ]; then
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echo "Boot-time R/W jumper: YES (GPIO$RW_PIN)"
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else
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echo "Boot-time R/W jumper: NO"
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fi
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if [ $INSTALL_HALT -eq 1 ]; then
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echo "Install GPIO-halt: YES (GPIO$HALT_PIN)"
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else
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echo "Install GPIO-halt: NO"
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fi
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if [ $INSTALL_WATCHDOG -eq 1 ]; then
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echo "Enable watchdog: YES (${SYS_TYPES[WD_TARGET-1]})"
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else
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echo "Enable watchdog: NO"
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fi
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echo
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echo -n "CONTINUE? [y/N] "
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read
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if [[ ! "$REPLY" =~ ^(yes|y|Y)$ ]]; then
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echo "Canceled."
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exit 0
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fi
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# START INSTALL ------------------------------------------------------------
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# All selections have been validated at this point...
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# Given a filename, a regex pattern to match and a replacement string:
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# Replace string if found, else no change.
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# (# $1 = filename, $2 = pattern to match, $3 = replacement)
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replace() {
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grep $2 $1 >/dev/null
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if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
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# Pattern found; replace in file
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sed -i "s/$2/$3/g" $1 >/dev/null
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fi
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}
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# Given a filename, a regex pattern to match and a replacement string:
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# If found, perform replacement, else append file w/replacement on new line.
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replaceAppend() {
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grep $2 $1 >/dev/null
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if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
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# Pattern found; replace in file
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sed -i "s/$2/$3/g" $1 >/dev/null
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else
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# Not found; append on new line (silently)
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echo $3 | sudo tee -a $1 >/dev/null
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fi
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}
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# Given a filename, a regex pattern to match and a string:
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# If found, no change, else append file with string on new line.
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append1() {
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grep $2 $1 >/dev/null
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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# Not found; append on new line (silently)
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echo $3 | sudo tee -a $1 >/dev/null
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fi
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}
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# Given a filename, a regex pattern to match and a string:
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# If found, no change, else append space + string to last line --
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# this is used for the single-line /boot/cmdline.txt file.
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append2() {
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grep $2 $1 >/dev/null
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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# Not found; insert in file before EOF
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sed -i "s/\'/ $3/g" $1 >/dev/null
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fi
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}
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echo
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echo "Starting installation..."
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echo "Updating package index files..."
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apt-get update
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echo "Removing unwanted packages..."
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#apt-get remove -y --force-yes --purge triggerhappy logrotate dbus \
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# dphys-swapfile xserver-common lightdm fake-hwclock
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# Let's keep dbus...that includes avahi-daemon, a la 'raspberrypi.local',
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# also keeping xserver & lightdm for GUI login (WIP, not working yet)
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apt-get remove -y --force-yes --purge triggerhappy logrotate \
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dphys-swapfile fake-hwclock
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apt-get -y --force-yes autoremove --purge
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# Replace log management with busybox (use logread if needed)
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echo "Installing ntp and busybox-syslogd..."
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apt-get -y --force-yes install ntp busybox-syslogd; dpkg --purge rsyslog
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echo "Configuring system..."
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# Install boot-time R/W jumper test if requested
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GPIOTEST="gpio -g mode $RW_PIN up\n\
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if [ \`gpio -g read $RW_PIN\` -eq 0 ] ; then\n\
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\tmount -o remount,rw \/\n\
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\tmount -o remount,rw \/boot\n\
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fi\n"
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if [ $INSTALL_RW_JUMPER -ne 0 ]; then
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apt-get install -y --force-yes wiringpi
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# Check if already present in rc.local:
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grep "gpio -g read" /etc/rc.local >/dev/null
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if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
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# Already there, but make sure pin is correct:
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sed -i "s/^.*gpio\ -g\ read.*$/$GPIOTEST/g" /etc/rc.local >/dev/null
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else
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# Not there, insert before final 'exit 0'
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sed -i "s/^exit 0/$GPIOTEST\\nexit 0/g" /etc/rc.local >/dev/null
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fi
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fi
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# Install watchdog if requested
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if [ $INSTALL_WATCHDOG -ne 0 ]; then
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apt-get install -y --force-yes watchdog
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# $MODULE is specific watchdog module name
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MODULE=${WATCHDOG_MODULES[($WD_TARGET-1)]}
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# Add to /etc/modules, update watchdog config file
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append1 /etc/modules $MODULE $MODULE
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replace /etc/watchdog.conf "#watchdog-device" "watchdog-device"
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replace /etc/watchdog.conf "#max-load-1" "max-load-1"
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# Start watchdog at system start and start right away
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# Raspbian Stretch needs this package installed first
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apt-get install -y --force-yes insserv
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insserv watchdog; /etc/init.d/watchdog start
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# Additional settings needed on Jessie
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append1 /lib/systemd/system/watchdog.service "WantedBy" "WantedBy=multi-user.target"
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systemctl enable watchdog
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# Set up automatic reboot in sysctl.conf
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replaceAppend /etc/sysctl.conf "^.*kernel.panic.*$" "kernel.panic = 10"
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fi
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# Install gpio-halt if requested
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if [ $INSTALL_HALT -ne 0 ]; then
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apt-get install -y --force-yes wiringpi
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echo "Installing gpio-halt in /usr/local/bin..."
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cd /tmp
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curl -LO https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-GPIO-Halt/archive/master.zip
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unzip master.zip
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cd Adafruit-GPIO-Halt-master
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make
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mv gpio-halt /usr/local/bin
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cd ..
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rm -rf Adafruit-GPIO-Halt-master
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# Add gpio-halt to /rc.local:
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grep gpio-halt /etc/rc.local >/dev/null
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if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
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# gpio-halt already in rc.local, but make sure correct:
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sed -i "s/^.*gpio-halt.*$/\/usr\/local\/bin\/gpio-halt $HALT_PIN \&/g" /etc/rc.local >/dev/null
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else
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# Insert gpio-halt into rc.local before final 'exit 0'
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sed -i "s/^exit 0/\/usr\/local\/bin\/gpio-halt $HALT_PIN \&\\nexit 0/g" /etc/rc.local >/dev/null
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fi
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fi
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# Add fastboot, noswap and/or ro to end of /boot/cmdline.txt
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append2 /boot/cmdline.txt fastboot fastboot
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append2 /boot/cmdline.txt noswap noswap
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append2 /boot/cmdline.txt ro^o^t ro
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# Move /var/spool to /tmp
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rm -rf /var/spool
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ln -s /tmp /var/spool
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# Move /var/lib/lightdm and /var/cache/lightdm to /tmp
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rm -rf /var/lib/lightdm
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rm -rf /var/cache/lightdm
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ln -s /tmp /var/lib/lightdm
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ln -s /tmp /var/cache/lightdm
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# Make SSH work
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replaceAppend /etc/ssh/sshd_config "^.*UsePrivilegeSeparation.*$" "UsePrivilegeSeparation no"
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# bbro method (not working in Jessie?):
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#rmdir /var/run/sshd
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#ln -s /tmp /var/run/sshd
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# Change spool permissions in var.conf (rondie/Margaret fix)
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replace /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/var.conf "spool\s*0755" "spool 1777"
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# Move dhcpd.resolv.conf to tmpfs
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touch /tmp/dhcpcd.resolv.conf
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rm /etc/resolv.conf
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ln -s /tmp/dhcpcd.resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
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# Make edits to fstab
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# make / ro
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# tmpfs /var/log tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0
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# tmpfs /var/tmp tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0
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# tmpfs /tmp tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0
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replace /etc/fstab "vfat\s*defaults\s" "vfat defaults,ro "
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replace /etc/fstab "ext4\s*defaults,noatime\s" "ext4 defaults,noatime,ro "
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append1 /etc/fstab "/var/log" "tmpfs /var/log tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0"
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append1 /etc/fstab "/var/tmp" "tmpfs /var/tmp tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0"
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append1 /etc/fstab "\s/tmp" "tmpfs /tmp tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0"
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# PROMPT FOR REBOOT --------------------------------------------------------
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echo "Done."
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echo
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echo "Settings take effect on next boot."
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echo
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echo -n "REBOOT NOW? [y/N] "
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read
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if [[ ! "$REPLY" =~ ^(yes|y|Y)$ ]]; then
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echo "Exiting without reboot."
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exit 0
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fi
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echo "Reboot started..."
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reboot
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exit 0
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